CHAPTER X.
OF THE VIRTUE OF JUSTICE, AS PRACTICED BY MOST HOLY MARY.
第十章
关于至圣玛利亚所操练的义德
553. The great virtue of justice is most necessary for the exercise of the love of God and man, and therefor also for all human conversation and intercourse. It is a habit by which the will is urged to give to each one what belongs to him, and its object matter is the just and equitable dealing, which must be observed toward God.
553. 伟大的义德对于操练对天主和人的爱是最必要的，因此所有人类的谈话和交往也是如此。这是一种习惯，促使意志将属于他自己的东西给予每个人，其对象是公正和公平的交易，这是必须对天主遵守的。
And as there are so many occasions in which man can exercise or violate this equity, and in so many different ways, the range of application of this virtue is very wide and diffused, and there are many different species or kinds of justice. In as far as it concerns the public and common good, it is called legal justice; in so far as it influences all the other virtues, it is called a general virtue, although it does not partake of the nature of the rest.
由于人类可以操练或违反这种公正的场合很多，方式也多种多样，因此这种美德的适用范围很广，很分散，正义的种类或类别也很多。就大眾和公共利益而言，它称为法律正义；就它影响所有其他美德而言，它被称为一般美德，尽管它不参与其他美德的性质。
In so far however as justice is employed for one determined object and by individuals to preserve the rights of each, it is called particular or special justice.
然而，只要正义被用于一个确定的对象并由个人来维护每个对象的权利，它就被称为特殊或特定的正义。
554. This virtue, in all its parts or kinds, the Empress of heaven exercised toward all creatures in an eminent degree ; for She alone knew by her greater enlightenment, all its obligations and comprehended them perfectly. Although this virtue does not directly have anything to do with the natural passions, as is the case with fortitude and temperance, yet in many instances, precisely on account of the failure to moderate and regulate the passions, justice toward the neighbor is set aside.
554.这种美德，无论其部分或种类，元后都以卓越的程度对所有受造物运用出来；因为通过她更伟大的启迪，只有她才知道正义的所有义务，并完美地理解这美德。虽然义德与自然的情欲没有任何直接关系，就像刚毅和节制一样，但在许多情况下，正是由于未能节制和控制情欲，对近人的正义就被搁置一旁。
This happens with those, who out of disorderly covetousness or lust usurp what does not belong to them. But as in the most holy Mary there were no disorderly passions nor any ignorance of proper measure to be maintained according to justice, She fulfilled all justice toward each person, and showed the way of justice to all who were privileged to hear from her mouth the words and doctrine of eternal life.
这种情况发生在那些出于无序的贪婪或欲望而窃取不属于他们的东西的人身上。但因为至圣玛丽亚，既没有无序的激情，也没有忽略为维护正义该有的洽当措施，她对每个人都履行了所有正义，并向所有有幸从她口中听到永生的话语和教导的人展示了正义之道。
As far as legal justice is concerned, She not only observed it to the letter by obeying the common laws, as She did in the purification and other prescriptions of the old Law, although, on account of being the Queen and free from sin, She was exempt from them; but no one except her most holy Son, ever advanced so much as She the public and common good of morals. For toward this end She directed all her virtues and operations, earning thereby the divine mercy for mankind and benefiting her neighbor in many other ways.
就法律正义而言，尽管由于她是元后并且没有罪，她被豁免遵守法律，但她不仅服从普通法而且严格遵守，就像她在旧法的净化和其他规定中做的那样；但除了她的圣子外，在道德的公共和共同利益方面上，没有人像她一样取得了如此大的进步。为此，她指导了她所有的圣德和行动，从而为人类赢得了天主的怜悯，并在许多其他方面造福了她的近人。
555. Also the distributive and commutative justice be longed to most holy Mary in a heroic degree. Distributive justice regulates the distribution of the common goods to individual persons. This justice her Highness observed in many affairs, which were left to her authority and management in the primitive Chuch : as for instance in the distribution of the common property for the sustenance and other necessities of each person.
555. 同时，至圣玛利亚也以超凡的程度渴望分配和交换的正义。分配正义调节公共物品对个人的分配。元后殿下在许多事务中都遵守了这种正义，这些事务即在初始教会中留给她的权力和管理的事务：例如，为了每个人的生计和其他必需品而分配共同财产方面。
Although She never distributed money, (for that She never handled), yet She gave her orders and at other times her counsel for its just application. On these and similar occasions, She always acted up to strict equity and justice, according to the necessities and the circumstances of each one’s condition. The same She also observed in the distribution of offices and ministerial dignities among the Apostles and the first children of the Church in their meetings and assemblies.
虽然她从来没有分发过钱，（因为她从来没有处理过金钱），但她下达了命令，并在其他时候为它的合理应用提供了建议。在这些和类似的场合，她总是根据每个人的需要和情况，严格公平公正地行事。同样的，她还观察到宗徒和教会的第一个孩子（初始教会），在会议和集会中的职位和牧职尊严的分配。
All these things this most wise Teacher ordered and arranged with perfect equity; for besides her Ordinary knowledge and insight into the dispositions of each of her subjects, She made use of prayer and of the divine enlightenment. On this account the Apostles and others, whom She governed, had recourse to Her for direction and counsel, and whatever was done under her direction, was disposed of in perfect equity and without acceptation of persons.
这位最智慧的导师以完美的公平的方式理顺和安排了所有这些事情；因为除了她的普通知识和对每一个臣民性格的洞察力之外，她还利用了祈祷和天主的启迪。因此，她所管辖的宗徒和其他人，都向她寻求指导和建议，在她的指导下所做的一切都得到了完全公平的处理，而没有个人的好恶。
556. Commutative justice procures reciprocal equality in that which is given and received by individuals ; as for instance observing the rule : to offer gift for gift, etc., or value for value. This kind of justice the Queen of heaven had fewer opportunities of exercising, than other virtues; for She never bought or sold anything for Herself. If it was necessary to buy or commute any article, it was done by the patriarch saint Joseph, while he lived, and afterwards by saint John the evangelist, or some of the Apostles.
556. 交换的正义在个人给予和接受的东西上促成相互平等；例如遵守规则：以礼物换礼物等，或等价交换。天堂元后的这种正义，比起其他圣德，操练的机会更少；因为她从来没有为自己买卖过任何东西。如果需要购买或交换任何物品，由圣家之长圣若瑟在活着的时候由他完成，然后由圣史若望或一些宗徒完成。
The Master of sanctity, who came to destroy and eradicate avarice (I Tim. 6, 10) the root of all evil, wished to remove from Himself and from his most holy Mother all those negotiations and transactions, in which the fire of human covetousness is enkindled and preserved. Therefore his Providence ordained, that neither his own hand nor that of his purest Mother should be soiled by the transactions of human commerce in buying and selling, even if only of things necessary for the preservation of human life.
圣洁的师傅，祂是来摧毁和根除贪婪（弟茂德前书6：10）这个万恶的根源，祂希望从祂自己和祂的至圣的母亲身上去除所有这些谈判和交易，在这些谈判和交易中，人类的贪婪之火被点燃并保存下来。因此，天主上智命定，无论是祂自己的手还是祂最纯洁的母亲的手，都不应该被人类买卖交易弄脏，即使只是为了维持生活所必需的东西。
［经文〈弟茂德前书6：10〉：因为贪爱钱财乃万恶的根源；有些人曾因贪求钱财而离弃了信德，使自己受了许多刺心的痛苦。］
However the Queen did not omit to teach men this virtue of commutative justice, directing in the way of perfect justice all those, who in the apostolate and primitive Church were engaged in such affairs.
然而，元后并没有忽略教导人们这种交换的义德，指导所有在宗徒和初始教会中从事买卖交易的人走上成全的义路。
557. This virtue of justice comprises also other kinds of activity in regard to the neighbor, such as judging others in the public and civil courts, or in private. Our Savior refers to the contrary vice, when he says in saint Matthew: “Judge not that you may not be judged” (Matt. 7,1). These judgments are formed by each one according to the estimate which is in his own mind : therefore they are just judgments, if they are conform able to reason, and unjust, if they disagree with it.
557. 这种义德还包括与邻人有关的其他类型的活动，例如在公共和民事法庭审判他人或私下判断他人。我们的救主指的是相反的罪恶，祂在玛窦福音说：「不要判断人，免得你们受判断」（玛窦福音7：1）。 这些判断是由每个人根据他自己心中的估计形成的：因此，如果它们顺乎情理，它们就是公正的判断；如果它们是不合乎情理的判断，它们就是不公正的。
［经文〈玛窦福音7：1〉：你们不要判断人，免得你们受判断］
Our sovereign Queen never exercised the office of a public or civil judge, although She had the power to be the judge of all the universe; but by her most equitous counsels during the time of her life, and afterwards through her intercession, She fulfilled what was written about Her in the proverbs: “I walk in the paths of justice and through me the mighty decree justice”(Prov. 8, 20, 16).
我们至尊的元后从未行使过公共或民事法官的职务，尽管她有权成为全宇宙的法官；但通过她一生中最公正的劝告，后来通过她的代祷，她应验了箴言中关于她的话：「我走在正义的路上，走在公平的路上，借着我，统治者统治，王侯治理邦土。」（箴言 8：20，16)。
［经文〈箴言8：20〉：我走在正义的路上，走在公平的路上， 经文〈箴言8：16〉：藉着我，统治者统治，王侯治理邦土。 ］
558. As regards particular judgments no injustice ever could find a place in the most pure heart of most holy Mary ; for She could never be imprudent in her suspicions, or rash in her judgments, nor was She troubled by doubts ; nor, if She had any, would She ever decide them unkindly for the worse part. These vices of injustice are proper and natural as it were to the children of Adam, who are dominated and enslaved by the disorderly passions of hate, envy, illnatured emulation, and other evil inclinations.
558. 关于特定的判断，任何不公正都不可能在至圣玛利亚最纯洁的心中找到一席之地；因为她永远不会轻率地猜疑，或匆忙地判断，她也不会被怀疑所困扰；也不会，如果她有的话，她永远不会对它们做出更坏的决定。这些不公正的恶习对亚当的孩子来说是适当和自然的，他们被仇恨、嫉妒、不良竞争和其他邪恶倾向的无序情欲所支配和奴役。
From these bad roots sprout unjust suspicions with slight foundations, rash judgments and prejudiced solution of doubts; for each one easily presumes in his brother his own faults. Because they are filled with hate and envy at the prosperity of their neighbor, and rejoice at his misfortune, they lightly give belief, where there are no grounds, only yielding to their bad desires, and allowing their judgments to drift in accordance with their wishes.
从这些不好的根源中，萌生出没有根据的不公正的猜疑、草率的判断和以偏见的解决疑问；因为每个人都很容易在他的兄弟身上推定他的过错。因为对邻人的兴盛充满仇恨和嫉妒，为近人的不幸而欢欣鼓舞，所以在没有根据的情况下轻信，只屈从于自己的恶欲，任凭自己的判断随心所欲地飘忽不定。
From all these consequences of sin our Queen was free, as She had no part in sin : all was charity, purity, sanctity and perfect love, whatever entered or came from the sanctuary of her heart: in Her was all the grace of truth and the way of life (Eccli.24, 25). In the plenitude of her sanctity and science She doubted nothing, She suspected nothing ; for She was aware of all the secrets hidden in the hearts of men and searched their souls with the light of truth and mercy, not suspecting evil and never attributing blame, where none was due. On the contrary She was solicitous to excuse the sins of men, in justice and equity yielding to each and every one his dues.
我们的元后从罪的所有这些后果中解脱出来，因为她没有参与犯罪：一切都是仁爱、纯洁、圣洁和成全的爱，无论是进入或来自她内心的圣所：在她里面都有真理的恩宠和生命的道路（德训篇24：25）。 在她的神圣和知识的丰盈中，她什么都不怀疑，她什么都不猜忌；因为她知道隐藏在人心中的所有秘密，并以真理和慈悲的光芒探查他们的灵魂，不猜疑邪恶，也从不指责。相反，她热心地为人类的罪孽开脱，以正义和公平宽恕每一个人应得的罪罚。
［经文〈德训篇24：25〉：我具有真道和真理的一切优美；我具有生命和道德的一切希望。 ］
Her most earnest desire was to fill all men with the sweetness and the graciousness of her virtues.
她最热切的愿望是让所有人都充满她圣德的甜蜜和恩惠。
559. In the two different kinds of commutative and distributive justice there are contained many other kinds or species of virtues, but I will only refer to them in so far as to say, that all of them, both as habits and as acts, were possessed by the most holy Mary in the highest and most excellent degree.
559. 在交换和分配这两种不同的义德中，包含了许多其他种类的美德，但我仅就这些美德而言，即所有这些美德，无论是作为习惯还是作为行为，都被至圣玛利亚以最高和最优秀的程度拥有。
Some of these virtues are related to justice, because they are exercised in our intercourse with our neighbor and partake to a certain extent, though not in all their bearings, of the nature of justice; either because we are unable to pay fully what we owe, or because, if we are able, the debt or obligation is not so strict as that which is incurred by commutative or distributive justice.
其中一些美德与正义有关，因为它们在我们与近人的交往中得到运用，并且在一定程度上，尽管并非全部，具有正义的性质；要么是因为我们无法完全支付我们所欠的，要么是因为，如果我们有能力支付，但债务或义务并不如交换或分配正义该有的那样严格。
I will not enter upon a full explanation of these virtues, since they are various and numerous ; but in order not to pass them over entirely, I will give a short summary, so as to show how our Sovereign and most high Princess was adorned with all of them.
我不会对这些美德进行全面的解释，因为它们是多种多样的；但为了不一概而论，我将做一个简短的总结，以展示我们的至高公主是如何装饰所有这些美德的。
560. It is a just obligation to give worship and reverence to those, who are placed above us. According to the greatness of their excellence and their dignity and according to the benefits which we receive at their hands, varies also our obligation and the reverence which we owe them, although no return on our part can equal the benefit or the dignity. The first virtue of this kind is that of religion, by which we give to God due worship and reverence, though his magnificence and his gifts exceed infinitely all that we will ever be able to return in thanks or praise.
560. 朝拜和尊崇在我们之上的崇高的人们是我们正当的义务。根据他们的卓越和尊严的伟大程度，以及我们从他们手中获得的利益，我们对他们的义务和尊敬也有所不同，尽管我们的回报无法与利益或尊严相提并论。这种第一个美德是宗教信仰美德，藉着宗教，我们对天主给予应有的崇拜和敬畏，尽管祂的壮丽和祂的礼物无限地超越了我们在感谢或赞美中对祂所能回报的一切。
Among the moral virtues this one is the most noble on account of its object, namely the worship of God, and its subject matter is as extensive as there are ways and means of directly praising and reverencing God. In this virtue of religion are comprehended all the interior acts of prayer, contemplation and devotion, with all their parts, conditions, causes, effects and purposes.
在道德美德中，这一个是最高贵的，因为它的对象是敬拜天主，它的题材广泛到有直接赞美和敬拜天主的方式和方法。宗教信仰的这种美德包含了祈祷、默想和奉献的所有内在行为，以及它们的所有部分、条件、原因、结果和目的。
Among exterior actions, latria, which is the supreme outward adoration due only to God, falls under this head, and with it also all its different kinds of parts, namely: sacrifices, oblations, tithes and vows, oaths, exterior and vocal offering of praise. For in all these actions, if they are performed in the proper manner, God is honored and reverenced by the creatures, just as He is very much offended in the contrary vices.
在外在行为中，钦崇latria，是唯独对天主的至高无上的外在敬拜，钦崇归于这个源头，钦崇还有它的所有不同种类的部分，即：牺牲、祭品、堂区奉献和发愿、誓言、外在礼仪和口祷赞美。因为在所有这些行为中，如果以正确的方式进行，天主就会受到受造物的光荣和尊崇，正如祂在相反的恶习中被严重得罪一样。
561. The second virtue falling under the above class is piety, by which we are inclined to honor our parents, to whom after God we owe our being and our education. By it we also show proper regard for those, who participate in a manner of the quality of parents, such as for instance our relatives, or our country, which sustains and governs us.
561. 属于上述类别的第二个美德是孝爱），我们倾向于孝敬父母，他们排在天主之后，我们的存在和教育都归功于他们。通过这美德，我们也对那些参与父母的角色和方式的人表示适当的尊重，例如支持和管理我们的亲属或我们的国家。
This virtue is so important, that we must prefer its dictates to the acts of supererogation in the virtue of religion. So Christ the Lord teaches us in saint Matthew, when He reprehended the pharisees for setting aside piety toward their parents under the pretext of the worship of God.
这种美德是如此重要，以至于我们在宗教信仰的美德中，更喜欢它支配超越自我的行为。主基督在圣玛窦福音中教导我们，祂谴责法利赛人，因为他们以敬拜天主为借口，把对父母的孝爱放在一边。
In the third place must be mentioned veneration, which inclines us to give honor and reverence to those, who possess some superior excellence or dignity of a different kind from that of our parents or fatherland. This virtue the doctors divide into two kinds : dulia and obedience.
第三，必须提到崇敬（veneration），它使我们倾向于向那些拥有与我们父母或祖国不同的卓越品质或尊严的人給予敬意和崇敬。圣师将这种美德分为两种：敬礼（dulia）和顺从（obedience）。
Dulia is the veneration due to those who participate to a certain measure in the majesty and dominion of the highest Lord God, to whom is due, as we said above, the worship of adoration or latria. Therefore, we honor the saints by the reverence called dulia, and likewise those in the higher dignities, to whom we subject ourselves as servants.
敬礼（Dulia）是对在某种程度上参与到至高的天主的威严和统治中的人的崇敬，正如我们上面所说，唯独天主应该受到崇拜或钦崇且应受到具有牺牲性（latria）的朝拜，然而我们敬礼圣徒，尊敬圣徒，也尊敬那些具有崇高尊严的人，我们将自已视为他们的仆人那样顺服和孝敬他们。
Obedience is the subjection of our will, inducing us to do the will of our superior in preference to our own. Our free will is so estimable, that this virtue is admirable and excellent above all the moral virtues; for the sacrifice is greater than in any other.
顺从是指我们意志的遵从，促使我们服从长上的意愿而不是我们自己的意愿。我们的自由意志是如此可贵，以至于这种美德比所有的道德美德都令人钦佩和卓越；因为这种牺牲比其他美德都更伟大。
562. These three virtues of religion, piety and veneration (observantia) were possessed by Mary in such great plenitude and perfection, that nothing possible pertaining to them was wanting. What intellect can ever comprehend the honor, veneration and worship with which this Lady served her most beloved Son, adoring Him as true God and Man, as Creator, Redeemer, Glorifier, the Highest, the Infinite, the Immense in essence, in goodness and in all attributes? She knew more of Him than any other creature and more than all of them together ; and according to her knowledge She rendered due honor, teaching even the Seraphim how to reverence Him.
562. 玛利亚拥有宗教信仰、孝爱和崇敬（observantia）这三种美德，如此丰富和完美，以至于与它们相关的任何事物都不缺少。有什么样智慧可以理解圣母以尊荣、崇敬和朝拜来服务她最心爱的儿子，崇拜祂为真天主和真人，在本质上，在善良和在所有属性中作为造物主、救赎主、荣耀者、至高者、无限者、无量者？她比任何其他受造物都更了解耶稣，也比他们所有人加在一起了解的更多；据她所知，给予耶稣应有的荣耀，甚至教导六翼天使如何敬畏祂。
In this virtue She was so great a Teacher, that merely to see Her was sufficient to rouse, urge and incite all by a secret force to worship the supreme Lord and Author of heaven and earth ; and without any other effort on her part She induced many to praise God. Her prayers, contemplations and devotions, together with the wonderful effects and the power of her intercession, are known to all the angels and saints, but cannot be comprehended by them,exciting their endless admiration.
在这方面，她是一位伟大的导师，只要看到她，就足以以一种神秘的力量唤醒、催促和激励所有人来崇拜至高上主和天地的创造者；她毫不费力地劝服许多人赞美天主。她的祈祷、默想和奉献，以及她转祷的奇妙效果和力量，为所有天使和圣徒所知晓，却无法被他们理解，激起他们无尽的敬仰。
To Her all the intellectual creatures are indebted, since She satisfied and made recompense not only for that which they have culpably neglected in this regard, but also for that which they could never attain, or execute, or merit. This Lady outraced the salvation of the world, and if She had not been in it, the eternal Word would not have issued from the bosom of the Father.
一切有智慧的受造物都应感激她，因为她不仅满足并补偿了他们在这方面所忽略的，而且还补偿了他们靠自已的力量永远无法获得、无法成就或无法实现的美德。圣母超越了世界的拯救，如果没有她，永恒的圣言就不会从天父的怀抱中发出。
She excelled the seraphim from her first instant in contemplation, in prayer, in petition, and in devout promptitude for the service of God. She offered the proper sacrifice, gave oblations and tithes ; and all this in such a perfect manner, that nothing on the part of men was more acceptable next to that of her most holy Son. In the ceaseless praise, hymns, canticles and vocal prayers, which She offered, She was above all the Patriarchs and Prophets; and if in the Church militant Her doings were known as in the Church triumphant, they would be the admiration of the world.
她在默观、祈祷、祈求和为天主服务的虔诚热心方面，从一开始都胜过六翼天使。她献上自己的牺牲、祭品、和什一奉献，这一切都做得非常完美，在人手中再没有什么比她最圣洁的儿子更令人天主满意的了。在圣母不断的赞美、颂经和祈祷中，她超越了所有的圣祖和先知；如果在征战的教会，她的行为在教会中被称为胜利，那将是世界所钦佩的。
563. The virtues of piety and veneration her Majesty exercised in proportion as She knew how to estimate better her obligation toward her parents and their heroic sanctity. The same was true in regard to her relations. For instance, She procured special graces for John the Baptist and his mother, for holy Elisabeth and some others in the apostolate.
563. 至尊的天后所操练的孝爱和崇敬的美德，正如她知道如何更好地估量她的义务，她对父母的义务，和他们的英勇的圣洁成正比。 她对亲戚也是如此。例如，她为洗者若翰和他的母亲–圣洁的依撒伯尔，和其他一些宗徒获得了特殊的恩宠。
Certainly, if her fatherland had not been made unworthy of favor by the ingratitude and hardheartedness of its inhabitants, She would have made it the most fortunate country on earth; nevertheless, in as far as the Most High permitted, She conferred upon it great benefits and favors, both spiritual and material. In reverence toward the priests She was admirable, for She alone knew and could set proper value on the dignity of the anointed of the Lord. She has taught us all in this matter, and also how to honor the Patriarchs, Prophets and Saints, as well as the temporal masters and those in authority.
当然，如果至尊天后的祖国没有因居民的忘恩负义和冷酷无情而失宠，她会使她的祖国成为地球上最幸运的国家；尽管如此，在至高者允许的范围内，她给予她的祖国以极大的利益和恩惠，包括精神和物质上的。她对司祭的尊敬是令人钦佩的，因为只有她知道，并能够正确评价天主的受傅者的尊贵。在这件事上，她教会了我们所有人，也教会了我们如何尊重先祖、先知和圣人，以及世俗的主人和当权者。
She omitted no act pertaining to these virtues, being solicitous according to time and opportunity to instruct others in the exercise of them, especially the first faithful in the establishment of the evangelical Church. There, obeying not any more the verbal commands of her most holy Son, or of her husband, but submitting to her Son's substitutes, She became an example to the world of a new kind of obedience; for in those times, not She owed obedience to any creature, but the whole earth, in an especial manner, owed obedience to Her, since She was staying upon it as its Queen and Mistress for the very purpose of governing it.
她没有遗漏任何与这些美德有关的行为，她热心地根据时间和机会指导他人操练这些美德，尤其是对福音教会建立中的初期信徒。在那里，她不再听从她至圣圣子或她净配的口头上命令，而是服从她圣子的替代（继任）者，她为世界立了一种新的服从的榜样；因为在那个时代，她不应该服从任何受造物，而是整个世界应以一种特殊的方式服从她，因为她作为元后和主母留在世上，正是为了统治它。
564. There are other virtues, which can also be classed under the head of justice; for they dispose us to yield to others that which we owe them on account of some moral obligation, founded upon an honest and just title. These virtues are : gratitude or thankfulness, truth or veracity, vindication, liberality, friendship or affability. By gratitude we create a certain equality of ourselves with those from whom we have received benefits giving them thanks in return, according to the nature of the benefits and the kindness, with which they were bestowed (which after all is the most valuable part of the benefit).
564. 还有其他的美德，也可以归类为这个正义之首；因为它们让我们出于某种道德义务而将我们欠他人的东西让与他人，这些义务建立在诚实和正义的名号之上。这些美德是：感激或感恩，真理或真实，维护，慷慨，友谊或和蔼可亲。通过「感恩」，我们创造了自己与那些我们从他们那里获得益处的人的某种平等，并根据他们赋予的益处和善意的性质（毕竟这是利益的最有价值的部分）而感谢他们来作为回报。
The grateful also take into account the position and dignity of the benefactor. Gratitude bears in mind all these elements and can be manifested in different ways. Veracity inclines us to be truthful in all our intercourse, as is proper in human life and conversation, avoiding all lying,(which is never allowed), deceitful simulation, hypocrisy, boastfulness and irony. These vices are all opposed to truth; and though it is possible and even advisable to minimize when we are speaking of our own excellence or virtue in order not to offend by boasting, yet it is not right to do so by telling a falsehood, imputing vice to ourselves untruthfully.
感恩也考虑到恩人的地位和尊严。感恩牢记所有这些元素，可以通过不同的方式表现出来。「真实」使我们在所有的交往中都倾向诚实，这在人类生活和谈话中是恰当的，避免一切谎言（这是绝对不允许的）、欺骗伪装、虚伪、自夸和讥诮。这些恶习都与真理相反；虽然我们在谈论自己的优秀或美德时，为了不因自夸而冒犯他人，而贬低自已是合理的，甚至是明智的，但通过说假话，不真实地将罪恶归咎于自己是不对的。
Vindication is a virtue, which teaches us to recompense or make up for damage done by ourselves or by the neighbor, satisfying for it by some punishment. Among mortals the practice of this virtue is difficult; for they are so much moved by immoderate anger and dislike of their brethren, and so tardy in charity and justice, this vindication of the particular or general wellbeing is no unimportant virtue. Christ our Lord made use of this virtue, when He expelled from the temple those, who desecrated it by their irreverence (John 2, 15) ; Elias and Eliseus drew down fire from heaven in order to chastise some sins (IV King 1, 20) ; and in the Proverbs it is said : “He that spareth the rod hateth his son”(Prov. 13, 24).
「辨明」是一种美德，它教会我们补偿或弥补被自己或邻人造成的伤害，并以某种惩罚来补偿它。在凡人中，这种美德的操练是困难的；因为他们被无节制的愤怒和对弟兄们的厌恶所煽动，在仁爱和正义方面如此迟钝，这种对特定福祉或普遍福祉的辨明不是不重要的美德。我们的主基督利用了这种美德，将那些因不敬而亵渎圣殿的人逐出圣殿（若望福音 2：15）；厄里亚和厄里叟从天上降火来惩戒一些罪孽（列王纪下1：12）；箴言说：不肯用杖打儿子的，就是憎恨他（箴言 13：24）。
［经文〈若望福音 2：15〉：：就用绳索做了一条鞭子，把众人连羊带牛，从殿院都赶出去，倾倒了换钱者的银钱，推翻了他们的桌子；经文〈列王纪下 1：12〉：厄里亚回答说：「如果我是天主的人，愿火从天降下，吞噬你和你这五十人。」果然天主的火从天降下，吞噬了他和那五十人。经文〈箴言 13：24〉：
不肯使用棍杖的人，实是恨自己的儿子，真爱儿子的人，必时加以惩罚。］
Liberality or generosity serves to distribute in a reasonable manner money or other goods, without falling into the vices of prodigality or niggardliness. Friendship or affability consists in conversing and acting in a decent and becoming manner toward all, without quarreling or flattery, which are the vices opposed to friendship.
「慷慨或大方」有助于以合理的方式分配金钱或其它物品，而不会落入挥霍无度或吝啬的恶习。「友谊或和蔼可亲」包括以得体和礼貌的举止与所有人交谈和行事，而不是争吵或奉承，这是与友谊相反的恶习。
565. None of these virtues, nor any others which might be related to justice, were wanting to the Queen of heaven ; of all these She had the habit and practiced them as occasion offered. Moreover as the Teacher and Mistress of all sanctity She instructed and enlightened many souls how they were to exercise and practice them with the greatest perfection.
565. 这些美德，或任何其他可能与正义有关的美德，元后都不缺乏；在所有这些中，她养成了习惯，并且一有机会就进行操练。此外，作为所有圣洁的导师和主母，她教导和启迪了许多灵魂如何以最完美的方式操练和实践这些德行。
The virtue of gratitude toward God She exercised by acts of religion and worship, as we have already described : for this is the best way to show our gratitude toward Him: and as the dignity of the most pure Mary and her concomitant sanctity was exalted above all created understanding, this eminent Mistress gave a return of gratitude proportionate to his benefits within the measure possible to a creature.
正如我们已经描述的那样，她通过宗教和崇拜行为来表达对天主的感恩：因为这是表达我们对祂的感恩的最佳方式：因为最纯洁的玛利亚的尊严和随之而来的圣洁被高举于一切受造的理解之上，这位杰出的主母在力所能及的范围内，对天主的恩惠报以相称的感激之情。
The same holds true in regard to her piety toward her parents and her country, as mentioned above. To her fellowmen this most humble Princess returned thanks for each favor as if She deserved no consideration from any one ; and, although all favors were due to Her in justice, She nevertheless gave thanks for them with gracious affability.
如上所述，她对父母和国家的孝爱也是如此。 对于她的同胞，这位最谦卑的公主对人们的每一个恩惠都报以感激之情，仿佛她不值得任何人的感激似的；而且，虽然所有的恩惠都是她应得的，但她仍然以和蔼可亲的方式感谢他们。
She alone knew and practiced this virtue to such an extent, as to return thanks for injuries and offenses as if they were great benefits ; for in her incomparable humility She never recognized anything as an injury and considered Herself under obligation for what really were such. Moreover, as She never forgot any benefit, She also never ceased in her gratitude.
只有她一个人知道并践行了这种美德，以致于她对别人的伤害和冒犯却回报以感谢，仿佛它们是很大的好处；因为在她无与伦比的谦逊中，她从来没有把任何事情看作是一种伤害，并认为自己有责任为真正的伤害负责。而且，因为她从未忘记任何人的好处，她的感恩之情也从未停止。
566. About the truthfulness of Mary our Lady, little need be said, since She who was so superior to the demon, the father of lies and deceit, could not tolerate even the shadow of that despicable vice. The standard, by which the virtue of truthfulness is to be measured in our Queen, is her dove-like charity and simplicity, which excluded all duplicity or deceit in her intercourse with creatures.
566.关于圣母玛利亚的真诚，不用多说，因为她以绝对优势战胜了作为谎言和欺骗之父的恶魔，她无法容忍哪怕是那种卑劣恶习的影子。衡量我们元后真诚圣德的标准，是她鸽子般的仁慈和单纯，在她与人的交往中排除了所有的表里不一或欺骗。
And how could the guilt of deceit be found in the mouth of that Lady, who with one word of truest humility falling from her lips drew down to her womb that One, who is essential truth and holiness? In regard to the exercise of the virtue called vindication the most holy Mary like wise was proficient: not only instructing others as a Teacher during the time of the first beginnings of the evangelical Church; but zealously advancing the honor of the Most High and trying to convert many sinners through fraternal correction, as was the case in regard to Judas many times, and commanding the creatures, (which were obedient to her wishes), to punish some of the sinners in order that they might be converted and be saved from the eternal punishment due to their sins.
因着口中最真诚的谦卑之语，使得那位本质上的真理和圣洁者降临到她的子宫，欺骗的罪孽怎能出自圣母的口呢？操练被称为「辨明」的美德方面，至圣玛利亚同样精通：不仅在福传教会初期以导师的身份教导他人；而且极力提升至高者光荣，并试图通过兄弟般的纠正使许多罪人皈依，她屡次这样对待茹达斯，并命令世人（顺从她的意愿）惩罚一些罪人，为使他们因罪能够悔改并从永罚中得救。
though on these occasions She was most sweet and kind in her punishments, yet She did not remit them, whenever necessary to secure an effective cleansing from sin. Most of all however did She exercise retribution toward the demon, in order to free the human race from his slavery.
虽然在这些时刻，她的惩罚是最温和与最仁慈的，但只要有必要，她就不会减免对他们的惩罚，以确保有效地洗净罪孽。然而，最重要的是她对恶魔施行了惩罚，以将人类从恶魔的奴役中解放出来。
567. The sovereign Queen practiced also the most exalted liberality and friendliness. Her generosity in giving and distributing was on a scale befitting the Empress of all creation and one who knows the proper value of all invisible and visible things. This Lady never possessed anything of her own that She did not consider just as much the property of her neighbor as hers nor did She ever deny anything to anybody, not even waiting till they should pay the price of asking for it, whenever She could be beforehand in giving.
567. 至高无上的元后也表现出最崇高的慷慨和友好。 她慷慨地给予和分配，其慷慨程度恰如其元后的身份，她能知道所有无形和可见事物的适当价值。但她从不占有任何东西，因为她不认为有什么是单属她的，也从来没有向任何人拒绝给予过任何恩惠，甚至不会等到他们先提出要求(注:如加纳婚宴)，只要有可能她就预先给予。
The poverty and miseries which She alleviated, the benefits which She bestowed, the mercies which flowed from Her, even as regards only temporal matters, could not be recounted in an immense volume. Her amiable friendliness toward all creatures was so singular and admirable, that, if She had not concealed it with rare prudence, She would have drawn to Herself all the world,entranced by her most sweet intercourse; her mildness and kindness, though tempered by a divine seriousness and wisdom, displayed in her intercourse the marks of superhuman excellence.
她所减轻的贫困和苦难，她所给予的救助，从她身上流出怜悯，即使只论其在世间的作为，也罄竹难书。她对一切生灵(注:包括动物)都抱着一种和蔼可亲的友好态度，这种态度是那么独特和令人钦佩，要不是她小心翼翼地隐藏起来，与她在一起的那种甜蜜会把全世界的人都吸引到她这里；她的温和与善良，虽然被一种神圣的严肃和智慧所调和，但在与人的交往中显示出超人的卓越品质。
The Most High himself regulated this perfection in Her, allowing at times some of the signs of the sacrament of the King to show themselves, but taking care, that the veil should fall immediately and again conceal the mystery beneath earthly labors, thus forestalling the applause of men. All their honors were far below that which She deserved, and men would never be able to attain, and would fall either below or exceed, the correct measure of honor due to One who was at the same time a creature and the Mother of God. This was reserved for the time when as children of the Church, men should be enlightened by the Catholic faith.
至高者亲自在她身上规范的这种完美，有时允许「君王」圣事的一些迹象显现出来，但是非常谨慎地，不使隐藏其元后身份的面纱立即落下，以隐藏在尘世的劳作之下的神秘，从而阻止人们的掌声。而世人給她所有的荣誉都远远低于元后应得的，人们永远也无法达到，或者低于或者超过正确的荣誉标准评估，正确地归光荣给「那一位」。她既是受造物，又是天主的母亲。这是为了当人们作为教会的孩子时所保留的，那时人们应该受到天主教信仰的启蒙。
568. For the adequate and perfect exercise of this great virtue of justice the doctors point out another partor aid to it, which they call epikeia, which guides us in some affairs, that are above the common and ordinary rules and laws. For not all affairs, with their varying circumstances, can be covered by the ordinary laws, and therefore it is necessary to proceed on certain occasions by the light of a superior and extraordinary reasoning.
568. 为了充分和完美地行使「正义」的这一伟大美德，圣师们指出了另一种辅助手段，他们称之为“权宜措施epikeia”，它指导我们处理那些超越普遍的规则和法律的事务。。 因为，并不是所有的事务，由于其不同的情况，都能被普通的法律所涵盖，因此，在某些情况下，有必要根据超凡的推理来进行。
This part of justice the sovereign Queen practiced on many occasions during her life, both before, and especially after the Ascension of her onlybegotten Son. In order to regulate the affairs of the primitive Church, as I will say in its place, She often made use of epikeia, as required by the interests of the Most High.
这部分证明了至尊的元后在她的一生中多次实践过正义的义德，无论是在她独生子升天之前，还是在她的独生子升天之后。为了规范原始教会的事务，正如我在这里所说的，她经常使用“权宜措施epikeia”，这是为了正高者的利益。
INSTRUCTION VOUCHSAFED BY THE QUEEN OF HEAVEN.
天堂元后赐予的指示
569. In this extensive virtue of Justice, my daughter, although thou hast been taught much of its value, thou still art ignorant of the greater part of it on account of thy condition in this state of mortality; and therefore also this thy account of it is insufficient for a full understanding of its excellence.
569.我的女儿，在正义的这一广泛美德中，虽然你已经被教导了它的大部分价值，但由于你在这种有死生命的状态下，你仍然对它的大部分内容一无所知；因此，您对它的描述也不足以充分理解其卓越性。
Nevertheless thou hast in it a copious summary to direct thy intercourse with creatures and thy worship of the Most High. In regard to this latter I remind thee, my dearest, that the supreme majesty of the Omnipotent is highly indignant at the offenses of mortals, who forget the veneration, adoration, and reverence due to Him. If some of them do render it, it is so coarse, inattentive and discourteous, that they do not merit reward but chastisement.
然而，你在其中有一个丰富的总结来指导你与人的交往和你对至高者的崇拜。关于后者，我最亲爱的，我提醒你，至高无上的全能者对世人的冒犯非常愤慨，世人忘记了对祂的尊崇、朝拜和崇敬。如果他们中的一些人确实尊崇了祂，那种尊崇却是那么粗鲁、漫不经心和不礼貌，以至于他们不值得赏报而是受到惩罚。
They revere and adore profoundly the princes and magnates of the earth ; they ask favors and seek to obtain them with the utmost diligence ;they are effusive in their thanks, when they succeed, protesting their lifelong gratitude. But the supreme Lord, who gives them being, life and activity, who preserves and sustains them, who has redeemed them and raised them to the dignity of sons, who wishes to confer upon them his own glory, who is in Himself the infinite and the highest Good; Him, the highest Majesty, they forget, because they cannot see Him with their corporal eyes.
他们对世俗的君王和权贵深怀敬仰和崇拜；他们寻求利益，并以最大的努力寻求得到它们；当他们达到目的时，他们会热情地表示感谢，并表达他们终生的感激之情。但至高的上主，赐予他们存在、生命和活动，保护和支持他们，祂救赎了他们，使他们享有儿子的尊严，祂希望将自己的荣耀授予他们，祂自己就是那无限和至高的善； 祂是最荣耀尊威的主，他们却忘记了祂，因为他们无法用肉眼看到祂。
As if not all good came from Him, they return, at the highest, merely a sluggish remembrance and a hasty thanksgiving. I will not even mention at present, how much those offend the most just Ruler of the universe, who wickedly break through and overturn all the order of justice toward their neighbor, perverting the whole natural order in wishing to their brothers, what they would not wish for themselves.
仿佛不是所有的美善都来自祂，他们回应至高者的恩典时，不过是一种迟钝的回想和一种仓促的感恩。我现在甚至不提那些冒犯宇宙的最正义的统治者的人，他们的行为有多严重，他们邪恶地破坏和推翻对邻人的所有正义秩序，败坏了整个自然秩序，希望他们的兄弟做他们自己不愿做的。
570. Abhor, my daughter, such execrable conduct, and as far as thy forces will allow, make up by thy works for this want of acknowledgment in the service of the Most High. And as by thy state of life thou art consecrated to the divine worship, let that be thy principal occupation and delight, striving to imitate the angelic spirits in their ceaseless fear and worship of the Lord. Preserve reverence for holy things, including also the ornaments and sacred vessels used in divine service.
570. 我的女儿，憎恶这如此恶劣的行为吧！在你的力量允许的范围内，用你的工作弥补为至高者服务的缺乏。正如你的生活状态一样，你已经献身于朝拜天主，让那成为你的主要事业和喜好，努力模仿天使对主不断的敬畏和敬拜。 保持对圣物的尊敬，包括敬拜中使用的饰品和圣器。
During divine office, prayer, and sacrifice see that thou remain on thy knees ; implore with faith and receive his favors with humble thanksgiving ; the same consideration thou shouldst show also to all men, even if they offend thee. To all be kind, affable, meek, simple and truthful; without deceit or double-dealing, without detraction or ill will, without rash judgment of thy neighbor.
在颂祷日课、祈祷和圣祭期间，你要保持跪下；以信心恳求，以谦卑的感谢接受祂的恩惠；你也应该对所有人表现出同样的关心，即使他们冒犯了你。对所有人要善良、和蔼、温顺、朴实、诚实；没有欺骗或口是心非，没有毁谤或恶意，不要对你的邻人做出轻率的判断。
And in order that thou mayst fulfill all justice, revive the memory of it constantly and desire to do to thy neighbor that which thou wishest done to thyself. Especially remember how my most holy Son, and I in imitation of Him, acted toward all men.
为了使你能履行所有的正义，不断地唤起对正义的记忆，并渴望对你的邻人做你希望对自己做的事。 你们要特别追念我至圣的儿子，以及我是如何效法祂，对众人所行的事。
