CHAPTER     XIX.

Measures   Adopted by the Vicar-General.

第十九章。

副主教采取的措施。

On returning to Minister, the   Vicar-General adopted such measures for the prosecution of the inquiry as   clearly proved that the impression made on him personally by Sister Emmerich's   demeanor yielded to higher considerations.

回到明斯特，副主教就采取了一些措施展开调查，这调查清楚地证明，艾曼丽修女的言谈举止给他个人留下的深刻印象，是值得他高度重视的。

"I could not," he remarks in   his official report, " conclude from a single investigation that   imposture or delusion was impossible. Supposing no deceit whatever in the   case, the question as to whether those phenomena can be explained by natural   causes, is not my affair. The stigmata are visible to whomsoever looks upon   them, the facts themselves cannot deceive. The only question is:

「我不能，」他在他的官方报告中评论道，「仅凭一次调查得出结论说，欺骗或妄想是不可能的。假设此案中没有任何欺骗，那么关于这些现象是否可以用自然原因来解释的问题，就不是我的事了。圣五伤是可见的，谁都能看到，事实本身是骗不了人的。唯一的问题：

Has Sister Emmerich produced them   herself, or not? or has some one made them for her? As she has solemnly   declared that such is not the case, it remains to be determined whether she   is practicing deceit or is herself deluded. If the investigation leads to the   conclusion that the slightest imposition may reasonably be suspected, there   will be no need to push matters further; but to arrive at such a conclusion,   we have only to make use of such means as will wound neither justice nor   charity."

是艾曼丽修女自己制作的五伤吗？还是有人帮她制作的？由于她郑重声明不是人为制造，那么她是否在欺骗或被自己迷惑，还有待确定。如果调查的结论有丝毫的欺骗，则无需再进一步推进调查；但要得出这样的结论，我们只能使用既不伤害正义也不損害愛德的方法。」

Clement Auguste von Droste- Vischering   united to determination of character so tender a heart that he was often   known to purchase birds merely to restore them their liberty. Now, when such   a man resolved to regulate his mode of action by principles like those   expressed above, we may readily conclude that the sufferings inevitably   resulting to the subject of such an examination, would be alleviated as much   as possible; yet such alleviation in Sister Emmerich's case Was not in   accordance with the designs of God.

明斯特的副主教克莱门特．奥古斯特．冯．德罗斯特.维舍林有一种坚定的性格和一颗非常温柔的心，众所周知，他购买鸟儿的目的只是为了恢复它们的自由。现在，当这样的人决定按照上述原则来规范他的行为方式时，我们可以很容易地得出这样的结论，在这种检查中不可避免地带来的痛苦将尽可能地减轻；然而，在艾曼丽修女的案件中，这种痛苦的减轻并不符合天主的圣意。

As substitute for the Church, she must   endure those pains and trials which alone could draw down pardon on an obdurate   world; consequently, in all the Vicar-General's proceedings, his compassion   was less consulted than the necessity of satisfying public opinion. The   spirit of the times, his own embarrassing position as Administrator of a   see long orphaned and exposed to political vicissitudes, imposed   obligations to which all other motives stood secondary.

作为教会的补赎者，她必须忍受那些痛苦和考验，只有这些痛苦和考验才能使顽固的世人得到宽恕；因此，在副主教的所有调查程序中，与其说是出于同情，不如说是出于满足公众舆论的必要性。由于时代的精神，再加上他作为宗座署理的尴尬职位长期被孤立，且暴露在诸多政治变迁中，这些事情强加给他的义务使他将其他动机都放在了次要地位。

In 1802, Monster had lost its last   ecclesiastical ruler, the Prince-Bishop Maximilian Xavier, brother to the   Emperor Joseph II., and Prussia had seized on the vacant see. The States-   Assembly of 1803 put Prussia in definitive possession of the episcopal city   of Munster and the southern portion of the country, the other sections being   divided among seven petty sovereigns.

1802 年，明斯特失去了最后一位政教合一统治者，即约瑟夫二世皇帝的兄弟、马克西米利安·沙维尔亲王主教，普鲁士占据了空缺的主教席位。 1803 年的州议会让普鲁士最终拥有明斯特主教城和该国的南部地区，其他地区由七个小郡主瓜分。

Dulmen fell into the hands of the Catholic   Duke von Croy, who, at a later period, caused the ancient church and convent   of Agnetenberg, the scenes of Anne Catherine's religious life, to be entirely   destroyed. Coesfeld and Flamske fell to the Count von Salm. After the battle   of Jena, these territories were again wrested from their possessors and   united to the Grand-Duchy of Berg, which Napoleon had erected in favor of a   child still in the cradle, the eldest son of his sister-in-law, Hortense,   Queen of Holland. The year 1810 put an end to this union; and Munster,   Coesfeld, and Diilmen were incorporated with the great French Empire until   the Congress of Vienna, when the whole province passed into the hands of   Prussia.

杜尔门小镇落入了信奉天主教的冯克罗伊公爵之手，后来，他又将阿涅腾堡古老的教堂和修道院关闭，即安纳．加大利纳曾经修道生活的地方被彻底摧毁。科斯费尔德和弗拉姆斯克落入了冯.萨尔姆伯爵之手。在耶拿战役之后，这些领土再次从拥有者手中被夺回，并统一到伯格大公国，这是拿破仑为了一个还在摇篮中的孩子，即他的嫂子荷兰女王霍滕斯的长子，建立了这个大公国。 1810 年，这一联盟宣告结束；明斯特、科斯费尔德和杜尔门都被并入了伟大的法兰西帝国，直到维也纳会议召开之前，整个省份才落入普鲁士手中。

The Vicar-General's difficult position   may now be appreciated. The "secular powers were incessantly changing,   and the people worn out with the same, daily regretted the peace and   happiness they had formerly enjoyed under their Prince- Bishops. Besides,   Clement Auguste von Droste belonged to one of the oldest and noblest families   of Miinster, a sufficient reason for his being looked upon with a distrustful   eye by the strangers then in power.

现在可以理解副主教的艰难处境了。「世俗权力不断变化，人们对此感到疲惫不堪，每天都在追忆他们以前在亲王主教的统治下享有的和平与幸福。此外，明斯特的副主教克莱门特．奥古斯特．冯．德罗斯特属于明斯特最古老和最高贵的家族之一，新当权的人有充分的理由用怀疑的眼光看待他。

In 1807, he had been appointed by the   Cathedral-Chapter, Administrator of the diocese vacant since 1802; but, April   14, 1813, the Dean of the Chapter, Count von Spiegel, was named Bishop by a   decree of Napoleon, and the Chapter Was forced to deliver over to him the   government of the diocese. Clement Auguste thus became the Vicar-General of   Count von Spiegel, a proceeding which Rome refused to tolerate. He resumed,   therefore, the Administratorship of the diocese until 1821, when Miinster was   provided with a pastor in the person of Baron von Liining, formerly   Prince-Bishop of Corvey, who soon, however, fell into a state of mental   weakness which ended in death, 1825.

1807 年，他被主教圣秩团任命为自 1802 年以来空缺的宗座署理；但1813 年 4 月 14 日，根据拿破仑的一项法令，教区参议会总铎任命了冯．斯皮格尔伯爵为主教，参议会被迫将教区政府交给他。克莱门特．奥古斯特因此成为冯．斯皮格尔伯爵的副主教，而罗马拒绝接受这一做法。因此，克莱门．冯．德罗斯特恢复了教区宗座署理的职位，直到 1821 年，当时明斯特有了一位主任司铎，他就是冯利宁男爵，曾任科维亲王主教，然而，他不久就精神虚弱，最终于1825年去世。

The Vicar- General von Droste bitterly   mourned over the Church whose servant he gloried in being. He grieved to see   her insulted and despised by the so-called lights of the age, treated as an   institution which no longer had a right to exist, which was destined soon to   fall to pieces; and he knew with what a torrent of outrages any sign of life   in her would be pursued, anything which contradicted the opinion entertained   by her enemies, that the extinction of Catholicism was already an   accomplished fact. Nor was this all —

冯.德罗斯特副主教为教会痛心疾首，而他正是教会的仆人。他悲痛地看到教会被所谓的“时代之光”所侮辱和蔑视，被视为一个不再有存在权利的机构；他知道，教会中的任何生命迹象都会遭到怎样的肆意践踏，任何与教会敌人的观点相悖的东西都会遭到怎样的肆意践踏，正统的天主教的消亡已经是既成事实。但这还不是全部…… 

in the ranks of those enemies were her   own priests who, by word and writing, dared to wage open war against her   ancient practices of faith and piety. Let us not, then, be surprised if, in   such a situation, a man of his prudence and foresight should be greatly   annoyed at finding himself connected with an affair so extraordinary, so   foreign to the ideas of the times as was that of Sister Emmerich.

在这些敌对势力中，他们有自己的司铎，他们通过文字和写作，敢于公开反对天主教虔诚和古老的信仰。那么，如果在这种处境下，一个具有谨慎和远见的人会因为发现自己卷入了一件如此非同寻常的事件而感到非常苦恼，就像艾曼丽修女的事件与时代的思想如此格格不入那样，他就不会感到惊讶了。

He had hoped promptly to unveil the   imposture and prevent reports detrimental to the Church; but now that he   could not look upon the case as such, he felt himself obliged to pursue   inquiries into it as diligently as possible. He was bound not to expose his   authority to a shadow of suspicion, nor to leave the least room for the charge   of censurable indulgence or carelessness in what might possibly turn out to   be fraud, and which, at all events, could not fail to exasperate the enemies   of the Church.

副主教曾希望迅速揭穿这个骗局，防止对教会不利的报道；但现在他已不能这样看待这案子了，他觉得自己有义务尽最大努力调查下去。他必须不让他的权威暴露在怀疑的阴影下，也不会给人留下把柄来指责他纵容或者粗心大意，因为这案子可能最终被认为是欺诈行为，而且无论如何，在任何事件中都不能不激怒教会的敌对势力。

The Vicar-Grenera‘s   choice of Dean Overberg and Dr. von Druffel to assist in the examination, was   the happiest that could have been made. Dean Overberg's name is everywhere   pronounced with respect He was one of the noblest characters of his time,   esteemed throughout Minister as the most enlightened and experienced director   of souls.

克莱门特总主教选择奥弗伯格总铎和冯．德鲁费尔医生来协助检查，这是最令人高兴的决定了。奥弗伯格总铎的名字随处可见。他是他那个时代最高尚的人物之一，在整个明斯特被尊为最开明和最有经验的神修导师。

The Vicar-General fully appreciated   his worth; therefore, he commissioned him to inquire scrupulously into Sister   Emmerich's whole interior and exterior life, prescribing also to the latter,   in virtue of obedience, to give an exact account of herself to the Dean. The   holy old man found it no difficult matter to gain the invalid's confidence,   and on his very first interview he made the following note : —

副主教完全欣赏他的为人；因此，委托奥弗伯格总铎仔细调查艾曼丽修女的整个内在和外在生活，并规定艾曼丽修女，守听命之德，向总铎如实汇报她自己的情况。圣洁的老人觉得要获得病人的信任并不困难，在第一次面谈时，他做了以下笔记：

“In spirit, she saw me coming and she   told me so, though as she declared to others, she had never seen me in her   life with her bodily eyes.  ‘I saw you interiorly,’ she said to me, and   this made her as confiding as if we had long known each other."

「艾曼丽修女告诉我她在灵里看到我来了，尽管她向其他人宣称，她一生中从未亲眼见过我。『我在内心看到了你，』她对我说，这让她充满了信任，好像我们早就认识一样。」

The childlike candor with which she   opened her heart to the venerable priest enabled him to gaze deep down into   her pious soul, and her interior life soon lay unveiled before him. Every   interview offered him fresh proofs of her extraordinary vocation; and though   multitudes constantly claimed his advice and assistance, occupying his time   and attention continually, yet he deemed it his duty to undertake the   additional task of noting down all he observed in her, even the words that   fell from her lips. One might suppose that the Dean's rare kindness would   invent some means of mitigating the sufferings attendant on the   investigation; but God willed that from no quarter should any hindrance arise   to the measures judged necessary to dissipate doubt as to the reality of the   phenomena.

艾曼丽向这位可敬的神父敞开心扉，像孩子般坦率，使总铎能够深入观察她虔诚的灵魂，她的内心生活很快就在这位可敬的总铎面前揭开了面纱。每一次采访都为总铎提供了艾曼丽非凡圣召的新证据。尽管许多人不断地要求总铎的指导和帮助，不断地占用他的时间和注意力，但总铎认为自己有责任承担额外的任务，记下他在艾曼丽身上观察到的一切，甚至包括她口中说的话。人们可能会认为总铎难得可贵的善良会想出一些方法减轻调查所带来的痛苦；但天主的旨意是，任何调查都不应受到阻碍，为了消除对艾曼丽身上圣伤的真实性的怀疑，天主允许他们采取一切措施来检验。

Prof. von Druffel, a learned and   highly respectable physician, was a man of unbiassed mind who examined the   wonders displayed in his patient with the practiced eye of an experienced   scientist. When he first heard of them, he felt inclined to regard them as   fraud; but his very first visit greatly modified these sentiments. Not only   did the condition of the wounds and their manner of bleeding convince him   that they could not possibly be produced artificially, but Sister Emmerich's   whole demeanor forced him to reject absolutely all suspicion of imposture.

冯．德鲁费尔教授是一位博学且德高望重的医生，他是一位思想不偏不倚的人，他以一位经验丰富的科学家的老练的眼光检查患者身上所表现出的奇迹。当他第一次听说这些事的时候，他倾向于视之为欺诈；但他的第一次访问就极大地改变了这些看法。不仅伤口的状况和流血的方式让他相信这些伤口不可能是人为制造的，而且艾曼丽修女的整个举止也迫使他绝对否认一切伪造的怀疑。

We may here remark that Dr. von   Druffel, as also Drs. Wesener and Krauthausen, had a lively appreciation of   the sufferings that would result to the patient from such treatment as the   Vicar- General prescribed, and personally they needed no such proof as to the   reality of the facts witnessed. The publicity attendant on such an   investigation and the interest it aroused, induced Dr. von Druffel to insert   a long article signed by himself in the Salzbourg “Journal of Medicine and   Surgery, ” in which he gave a detailed account of his own observations   respecting Sister Emmerich. He begins by declaring that he has no intention   of trying to explain the phenomena and ends with the bold words :

我们可以在这里指出，冯．德鲁费尔医生，以及韦塞纳医生和克劳豪森医生都清楚地知道，按照副主教的指示进行的治疗会给病人带来什么样的痛苦，就他们个人而言，由于亲眼目睹了奇迹的真实性，他们并不需要这样的治疗证明。对这样一项调查的宣传及其引起的兴趣，促使冯．德鲁费尔医生在萨尔茨堡的《医学和外科杂志》上插入了他自己署名的长篇文章，在文章中他详述了他自己对艾曼丽修女的观察。他首先声明他无意试图解释这些现象，并以大胆的话来结束：

"As to those that regard the   phenomena in question as imposture let them remember that the ecclesiastical   investigation was made most strictly. If it be a fraud, it is of a very   peculiar nature and very difficult to prove."

「对于那些认为这些现象是骗局的人，让他们记住，教会的调查是最严格的。如果这是一场骗局，那是因为它的性质非常特殊，很难证明。」

Dr. von Druffel, like all who fell   under Sister Emmerich's influence, received a great grace from God through   her intervention, for she perceived the state of his soul and the danger he   was in of losing his faith. After her first interview with him, she confided   her discovery to Dean Overberg, allowing him to make use of the information   if he thought it advisable. The doctor entertained the highest respect for   the holy priest by whom in return he was greatly esteemed. The Dean was   amazed, indeed he could scarcely credit what he heard until the doctor   himself confirmed Sister Emmerich's statement and gave unequivocal proofs of   the benefit he derived from her acquaintance.

冯．德鲁菲尔医生，像所有受艾曼丽修女影响的人一样，通过艾曼丽的介入，从天主那里得到了极大的恩宠，因为艾曼丽看到了他灵魂的状态以及他正处于失去信仰的危险中。艾曼丽在与他的第一次会面后，向奥弗伯格总铎透露了她的发现，并允许总铎在他认为合适的情况下使用这些信息。医生对这位圣洁的神父充满了敬意，做为回报，神父也非常尊敬他，事实上他几乎不能相信他听到的，直到医生亲自证实了艾曼丽修女的陈述，并明确地证明了他自己从艾曼丽的相识中得到的益处。

The Vicar-General dispatched to   Diilmen on the 31st of March, a summary of the rules to be observed in the   coming examination. They are a notable proof of this distinguished man's rare   firmness, prudence, and foresight. His first step was to nominate Dean   Rensing (1) Sister Emmerich's extraordinary director during the process,   imposing upon him the obligation of carefully observing the patient's   conduct, and of rendering a faithful account to him of the same. The   following detailed instructions were also sent to the Dean: —

副主教于 3 月 31 日发送给杜尔门一份摘要，指出即将到来的检查中要遵守的规则。这是一个值得注意的证据，证明了这位杰出的人物罕见的坚定、谨慎和远见。他的第一步是任命伦辛总铎(1)在此过程中担任艾曼丽修女的特别指导，并赋予他认真观察病人行为的义务，并要求他向主教如实汇报，总铎也收到了以下详细说明：

 (1)     " Dean Rensing," he observed, " is a man of sense. It   is to   him, and to him alone that I venture to confide the direction of   this   affair."

(1)总主教注意到，「伦辛总铎是一位明智的人。我慎重地把这件事的进展告诉他，也只告诉他一个人。」

"It is our duty to investigate   these phenomena as strictly as possible, in order to discover their origin:   whether produced by sickness, or supernaturally, or in fine by artificial   means. There is here no question of private opinion, but only that of   verifying what may be possible ; which being premised, it is absolutely   necessary not only that all that transpires in the soul and with regard to   the soul (without encroaching, in the least, on the secrecy of the   confessional) and all that takes place in the person and with regard to the   person of Sister Emmerich, should be reported simply and truthfully in   writing ; besides this, from the day on which Dean Rensing enters upon his   charge every physical or mental phenomenon, every bodily change must be   recorded in a journal and forwarded to me every eight days. What concerns the   soul is confided to Dean Rensing.

「我们有责任尽可能严格地调查这些现象的真实性，以发现它们的起源：无论是疾病产生的，还是超自然产生的，还是人为造成的。这里不存在个人意见的问题，而只是验证什么是可能的；在此前提下，绝对有必要，不仅以书面形式简单而真实地报告，在艾曼丽修女的灵魂中发生的以及与其灵魂有关的事情（本着不侵犯告解秘密的前提下），而且所有发生在艾曼丽修女身上以及有关的一切事情。除此之外，从伦辛总铎接任之日起，每一次生理或心理现象，每一种身体变化都必须记录在日记中，每八天向我汇报一次。涉及灵魂的事情交由伦辛总铎负责。

Dr. Krauthausen has charge of the   body. The Dean will say to Sister Emmerich that in obedience to   ecclesiastical authority, she will allow Dr. Krauthausen to do all he may   judge proper to effect a cure. The patient must, in general, be allowed to   perceive as little as possible that the examination has any other end in view   than that of her cure. Let no importance be attached to her wounds, let them   not be regarded as extraordinary favors. The less the whole affair is spoken   of the better. “

克劳特豪森医生负责身体检查。总铎会告诉艾曼丽修女，出于对教会权威的服从，艾曼丽修女应允许克劳特豪森医生做他认为合适的一切事来实现治愈。一般而言，应该尽量不让病人知道检查的目的，不让病人知道医生除了治疗之外还有别的目的。即:(克劳特豪森医生)不要重视她的伤口，不要把五伤当作(天主给她的)特别的恩惠。整件事越少被提及越好。」

The surgeon, Dr. Krauthausen, was   charged to make notes of all that he observed respecting the physical   phenomena.

外科医生克劳特豪森医生负责将他观察到的所有物理现象记录下来。

“For Dr. Wesener," writes the   Vicar-General, “who drew up the report of March 25th, sympathizes too deeply   with the sufferer; he must not be engaged for the present. Dr. von Druffel is   of opinion that we may unhesitatingly confide to Dr. Krauthausen the   treatment of Sister Emmerich's wounds. Under no circumstances must the   bandages be removed or even changed, by any other than himself. If he thinks   proper, he may remove them at the end of four days provided he replaces them   immediately."

The points upon which the weekly   report was to turn were also named by the Vfcar-General.

「对于起草3月25日报告的韦塞纳医生，」副主教写道，「他对艾曼丽修女的遭遇深表同情，他暂时不能参与此事。冯.德鲁费尔医生认为，我们可以毫不犹豫地将艾曼丽修女伤口的治疗交给克劳特豪森医生。在任何情况下，除了他自己，任何人都不能拆除或更换绷带。如果他认为合适，可以在四天后拆除绷带，但必须立即更换新的绷带。」每周报告的重点也由总主教指定。 

Dean Rensing was deputed, on the part   of the Vicar- General, to prescribe the following rules to Father Limberg,   Sister Emmerich's ordinary confessor: — 1. To avoid as much as possible in   his conversation with her any allusion to her sufferings ; 2. Not to address   to her, either during or after her ecstasies, any question upon her interior;   that was, for the present, the exclusive affair of Dean Rensing ; 3. To   communicate to the latter all that Sister Emmerich, without any questioning   on his part, might tell him either before or after her ecstasies.

伦辛总铎受副主教的委托，向艾曼丽修女的告解神师林堡神父规定以下规则： 

1. 在与艾曼丽修女的谈话中尽可能避免提及她的痛苦；  

2. 在她神魂超拔期间或之后，不要向她提出任何有关她内心的问题；目前，这是伦辛总铎专门负责的事务；  

3.将艾曼丽神魂超拔之前或之后可能会告诉他的一切转告给伦辛总铎，而不要向艾曼丽提出任何问题。

Lastly, Clara Soentgen was   commissioned to make private reports, " For," says the Vicar-   General, " she is known to be a sensible person, absolutely incapable of   deceiving. I have asked her to communicate what she observes unknown to the Dean,   that by such independent reports I may arrive more surely at the truth."

最后，克拉拉．索恩根受命提交私人报告，副主教说，「因为众所周知，克拉拉．索恩根是一个明智的人，绝对不会欺骗人。我已要求她把观察到的，而总铎却不知道的情况告诉我，这样我就可以通过这些独立的报告更准确地了解真相。」

The order addressed to Sister Soentgen   contained the following lines: " In this affair I wish to know all   — no thinking, no guessing, but knowing! What I know for   certain alone has any weight with me."

写给索恩根修女的命令包含以下几行：「在这件事上，我希望知道一切——没有思考，没有猜测，只要真相！只有事实真相对我来说才是重要和有份量的。

The following instructions were given   with regard to Sister Emmerich's sister: — "We have no objection to her   staying with the invalid; but if she should attempt to contravene the orders   prescribed, let her be instantly dismissed. I may here remark that other   measures, infinitely mere painful for Sister Emmerich, may be avoided by a   scrupulous adherence to those now laid down."

关于艾曼丽修女的妹妹，我们下达了如下指示：——「我们不反对她和病人呆在一起；但如果她试图违反规定的命令，请立即将她解雇。我可以在这里指出，只要严格遵守现在的规定，就可以避免采取其他措施，而那些措施对艾曼丽修女来说只是无尽的痛苦而已。

Dean Rensing was authorized to take   the depositions of all persons, priests, religious, or laics, who at Diilmen,   Coesfeld, and Flamske, had been most nearly connected with the invalid and   who could communicate details upon her character, her disposition, and her   whole former mode of life.

伦辛总铎被授权可向所有司铎、修女或平信徒录取证词，这些人在杜尔门、科斯费尔德和弗拉姆斯克曾与病人有过最密切的联系，并能详细描述艾曼丽的性格、性情和她以前的整个生活方式。