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Deuteronomy 1 ＂When men have a dispute and bring it to court, and a decision is handed down to them acquitting the innocent party and condemning the guilty party, 几时人与人之间发生争讼，而对簿公庭，定案时，正直的，应声明他正直；有罪的，应判定他有罪； 2 if the latter deserves stripes, the judge shall have him lie down and in his presence receive the number of stripes his guilt deserves. 如有罪的应受鞭刑，判官应命他伏下，当面按他的罪照数鞭打； 3 1 Forty stripes may be given him, but no more; lest, if he were beaten with more stripes than these, your kinsman should be looked upon as disgraced because of the severity of the beating. 只可打他四十下，不可再多；怕鞭打他超过这数目，你的兄弟在你眼前过于受辱。 4 2 ＂You shall not muzzle an ox when it is treading out grain. 牛在打场的时候，不可笼住它的嘴。 5 3 ＂When brothers live together and one of them dies without a son, the widow of the deceased shall not marry anyone outside the family; but her husband's brother shall go to her and perform the duty of a brother-in-law by marrying her. 如果兄弟住在一起，其中一个没有留下儿子就死了；死者的妻子不可出嫁外人，丈夫的兄弟应走近她，以她为妻，对她履行兄弟的义务。 6 The first-born son she bears shall continue the line of the deceased brother, that his name may not be blotted out from 她所生的长子，应归亡兄名下，免得他的名由以色列中消灭。 7 If, however, a man does not care to marry his brother's wife, she shall go up to the elders at the gate and declare, 'My brother-in-law does not intend to perform his duty toward me and refuses to perpetuate his brother's name in 若是那人不肯娶他兄弟的妻子，他兄弟的妻子应到城门去见长老说：＂我丈夫的兄弟不愿在以色列中给自己的兄弟留名，不愿对我尽兄弟的义务。＂ 8 Thereupon the elders of his city shall summon him and admonish him. If he persists in saying, ‘I am not willing to marry her,' 本城的长老应叫那人来，对他说明；如他仍坚持说：＂我不愿娶她。＂ 9 4 his sister-in-law, in the presence of the elders, shall go up to him and strip his sandal from his foot and spit in his face, saying publicly, 'This is how one should be treated who will not build up his brother's family!' 他兄弟的妻子应当着长老的面，走到他跟前，从他脚上脱下他的鞋，向他脸上吐唾沫说：＂那不愿给自己兄弟建立家室的人，应这样对待他。＂ 10 And his lineage shall be spoken of in Israel as‘the family of the man stripped of his sandal.' 从此他的名字，在以色列中，将称为＂脱鞋者的家。＂ 11 ＂When two men are fighting and the wife of one intervenes to save her husband from the blows of his opponent, if she stretches out her hand and seizes the latter by his private parts, 若两人彼此殴打，一人的妻子前来，救她的丈夫脱离那打他者的手，伸手抓住了那人的阴部； 12 you shall chop off her hand without pity. 你应砍去她的手，不应表示怜惜。 13 ＂You shall not keep two differing weights in your bag, one large and the other small; 在你袋里不可有两样法码：一大一小； 14 nor shall you keep two different measures in your house, one large and the other small. 在你家内也不可有两样升斗：一大一小。 15 But use a true and just weight, and a true and just measure, that you may have a long life on the land which the LORD, your God, is giving you. 你应有准确公正的法码，应有准确公正的升斗，好使你在上主你的天主赐给你的地上，得享长寿； 16 Everyone who is dishonest in any of these matters is an abomination to the LORD, your God. 因为凡做这些事的，凡做事不公平的，于上主你的天主都是可憎恶的。 17 5 ＂Bear in mind what Amalek did to you on the journey after you left Egypt, 你应记得，当你由埃及出来时，阿玛肋克在路上怎样对待了你： 18 how without fear of any god he harassed you along the way, weak and weary as you were, and cut off at the rear all those who lagged behind. 怎样在路上袭击了你，乘你困乏无力，攻击你后方所有疲惫的人，一点也不怕天主。 19 Therefore, when the LORD, your God, gives you rest from all your enemies round about in the land which he is giving you to occupy as your heritage, you shall blot out the memory of Amalek from under the heavens. Do not forget! 所以，当上主你的天主赐你摆脱你四周的一切仇敌，在上主你的天主赐给你作产业的地上，安享太平时，你应由天下抹去阿玛肋克的名字；不可忘记！ Footnotes（注解） 1 [3] Forty stripes: a relatively mild punishment in ancient times. Later Jewish practice limited the number to thirty-nine; cf 2 Cor 11:24. 2 [4] 3 [5] When brothers live together: when relatives of the same clan, though married, hold their property in common. It was only in this case that the present law was to be observed, since one of its purposes was to keep the property of the deceased within the same clan. Such a marriage of a widow with her brother-in-law is known as a ＂levirate＂ marriage from the Latin word levir, meaning ＂a husband's brother.＂ 4 [9-10] The penalty decreed for a man who refuses to comply with this law of family loyalty is public disgrace (the widow is to spit in his face) and the curse of poverty; sandals were proverbially a man's cheapest possession (cf Amos 2:6; 8:6), and therefore ＂a man without sandals＂ was the poorest of the poor. Some commentators, however, connect this symbolic act with the ceremony mentioned in Ruth 4:7, 8. 5 [17-19] This attack on |
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